The functions of the temporal lobe include handling:

The temporal lobe plays a critical role in auditory processing, which includes hearing and the comprehension of spoken language. This region is primarily responsible for interpreting sounds and is closely involved in the recognition of speech patterns and language, which are vital for effective communication.

Additionally, the temporal lobe is linked to memory; it contains structures such as the hippocampus which are essential for forming and retrieving memories, particularly explicit memories that relate to facts and events. This function is indeed aligned with the understanding of language and context, making it a crucial area for the integration of auditory input and memory retrieval.

In contrast, other options pertain to functions that are predominantly associated with different lobes of the brain. Vision and coordination are primarily handled by the occipital and parietal lobes, sensation and touch are associated with the parietal lobe, and particularly memory and planning involve the frontal lobe and other areas, but are less directly tied to the temporal lobe's core functions. Thus, understanding the specific functions of the temporal lobe underscores its importance in processing auditory information and language.